[MUSIC] Welcome to our summary video for our second module. In this video we're going to help you prepare for the final quiz and to solidify some of the key concepts we've introduced in this module. So what did we introduce? First of all in this module we presented two different philosophies towards reading instruction, through two legendary coaches, Mr. Hare and Mr. Tortoise. >> We first introduced Coach Hare, Mr. Hare, whose purposes for reading might be summarized to two words, pleasure and exposure. Coach Hare believes that readers should read a lot and that the experience of reading should be, well, fun, pleasurable. He achieves that in his own learners by giving them a lot of different choices in books and by creating opportunities for them to share their learning in the class. >> Coach Hare's philosophy is associated with the real world techniques of extensive reading. Extensive reading in short suggests that students should be allowed in an almost unstructured way to read for extensive periods of uninterrupted time. This in a sense gives students enough time to develop a sort of reading rhythm which eventually creates better reading proficiency. While there are thousands of techniques to choose from, we shared a few common techniques among extensive reading instructors. First of all, extensive reading teachers often invite learners to share what they learned from newspaper articles in something that can be called a newspaper corner. Using this technique, teachers encourage students to select topics that are interesting to them, and come to class ready to discuss the article in class. The creation of reading zones is another way to promote extensive reading. Reading zones are areas that are specifically designated, often with libraries, colorful posters, and comfortable chairs, to help promote reading among students. Reading logs are also often used by extensive teachers to help learners to keep track of how much they have read and allow learners to set goals either individually or as a class. >> Coach Tortoise's philosophy in contrast was that learners often struggle to read without a certain amount of guidance. And that extensive reading often doesn't provide guidance necessary for learners to understand what they're reading. Coach Tortoise's purpose is not so much pleasure or exposure. Rather, his purpose is clearly in helping students understand. That doesn't mean that Coach Tortoise doesn't care about learners enjoying themselves, but rather that the way to enjoy reading comes first through understanding how to read. To share the contrast most clearly, we could say that Coach Hare believes that passion fuels proficiency. While Coach Tortoise believes that proficiency fuels passion. Make sense? >> Intensive reading strategies are also too many to list, but we did share a few principal techniques. First, many intensive reading teachers try to break down sentences into parts of speech, helping learners understand the difference between verbs, nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and so forth. Intensive teachers also try to break down words themselves through a look at morphology. Helping readers understand that prefixes, suffixes, bound and unbound morphemes all carry bits of information, meaning that can help a reader to understand language. >> Intense of instructors will also take entire reading and break it down into different sections through an activity called a jigsaw. A jigsaw allows a group of readers to each take a portion of the text, analyze it thoroughly and then meet with other groups in an effort to share what they learned. The idea of a jigsaw is that collectively, students can understand an entire text more clearly. >> Finally, we introduce the concept of a close passage, which is a method of helping students to read a text, often by having the teacher read it out loud and then allowing learners to fill in the blank. This gives readers a chance to improve listening skills as well as improve their ability to pay attention to individual word meanings and ideas. This also gives learners practice in predicting what words might best fit into a category, especially if learners attempt the close passage without listening to anyone. They simply use the word bank provided. >> So, which teacher really produces the best results? Well, that is perhaps a debate for another time. The truth of the matter is extensive and intensive reading are something for you to consider for all of your students. And certainly we recommend a combination of both extensive and intensive techniques. [MUSIC]
