Revising your speech

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來自 University of Washington 的課程

Introduction to Public Speaking

423 個評分

University of Washington

Introduction to Public Speaking

423 個評分

課程 1（共 4 門，Specialization Dynamic Public Speaking）

This course gives you a reliable model for preparing and delivering effective presentations. In business, in school, and in public life, we are often called upon to “make a few comments.” Often, people tasked with such speeches become flummoxed. They might not know what to talk about, or ramble without making a point, or simply be confusing to listen to. This course is designed to help you shine where others falter. We’ll learn how organize talks clearly, write them memorably, and deliver them confidently. By the end of the course, you should be able to significantly reduce your fear of public speaking, use rehearsal techniques to develop a strong, vibrant speaking voice, and perform speeches with dynamic movement and gestures. The speech model that we’ll practice is useful for briefings, elevator talks, interviews, and even as a structure for hour-long presentations. If you’re a beginner, this course will help you quickly master the fundamentals of speaking. If you’re a seasoned speaker, this course will help you better understand public speaking and push you to the next level.

從本節課中

Week 3: Illustrating and delivering your ideas

This week, we’ll talk about support and arrangement. The lessons here will immediately help all of your other presentations. Why? Because we need to think about how audiences hear our ideas in real time. There are things we should be doing to help listeners instantly organize and process the information we’re presenting to them. By the end of the week, you should be able to discuss evidence clearly and highlight your speech's organization. If you want some feedback, you’ll be able to upload a practice elevator speech for peer review.

Revising your speech5:16

Practicing and remembering your speech4:28

與講師見面

Dr. Matt McGarrity
Principal Lecturer
UW Department of Communication

There's an old saying, the art of writing is in the rewriting, and

that's certainly true of speech writing.

Speech preparation's not linear, you need to be going back and

revising your outline.

Now, this video will explore some revision strategies.

Now, I tend to think in outline terms, so generally I prepare top to bottom.

I come up with the thesis first, and then I hammer out some key points, and

as I'm doing so, I drop in the support.

But then I revise bottom to top to make sure everything's working.

Begin by checking for fit.

So, I start by checking the support.

So, as you're preparing the speech, your research and writing might take you in

a different direction, something you didn't anticipate.

That's fine, but I just want to make sure at the end,

that the support is still actually related to the claim.

And I want to take a look at that claim and

make sure it contains most of the support.

Basically, I'm checking to make sure that the support is subordinate to

the key point.

Now, after I've sort of tweaked the support and

the main point, I check the relationship between the key points and the topic.

So, do I need to make revisions here?

Do I need to alter the thesis to better accommodate the key points I

ended up with?

Or do I kind of need to still keep working on the key points because they're not

really fulfilling the promise of the thesis?

I just want to make sure all the pieces are working together.

Second, look for rearrangement opportunities.

So, my first draft is never permanent.

I might see a new,

maybe more logical way of organizing the points once I take a step back.

Do I have maybe a point that's so tiny it feels kind of like a weird outlier?

So, I look at that point, I've got to either cut that, or

absorb it into another point.

Let's say I've got a really good point or example,

something I just love, but it doesn't really justify a position all on its own.

So, if I've got something like that I start looking for

my reliable places for excess speech storage.

I'm looking in the introduction and the conclusion.

[COUGH] So, if I've got a great little factoid or

story, I can toss that into the intro.

Those opening lines are usually pretty good for

interesting stuff that relates to the topic, but can't really stand on its own.

I like using the conclusion for arguments and evidence that are good, but

maybe I don't have enough time for in this speech.

So I get to finish the speech and be like, and

that's not even getting into the issue about blah, blah, blah, right?

I get to be like, I know so

much about the topic here's another idea I don't even have time for it.

But all of this sort of moving around, speech revision is just bump and wiggly.

You got to play around with the speech to find the fit

between the support key points and topics.

So, let me show you an example.

So, I drafted up a speech on American presidential debate.

I normally do this type of talk, go figure, once every four years or so.

And when I started the thesis was just that

American presidential debates are new, and you can see the outline here.

So, my thesis is, the genre of American Presidential debates is quite new.

We didn't have a single presidential debate until 1960, it took until 76 for

debates to become regular, and we've had debates every election since 76.

So, I prepped to that, and I talked it through.

But I felt like, after I performed it,

I felt like the second point wasn't really pulling its weight.

It's too short in comparison.

Now, on the other hand, the third point felt like it needed to focus just on

the rarity of presidential debates.

When I practiced it, that really felt like the interesting part.

I wanted to talk more about that.

So, I realized that in the entire speech,

I wanted to talk not only about how debates were new, right?

They're only in the past few decades, but

I also wanted to talk about how they were uncommon.

The office of the presidency kind of needed to adapt to this new thing.

So, I sat down and I changed the main points and the thesis.

We can see that here.

I took that second weak point and I just made it a sub point,

it was enough there but it was a sub point not a main point.

And then I expanded my old third point into a whole new point about

debates being uncommon.

So, I had made those changes and that meant I had to change the thesis.

I see the thesis as sort of a promise of the speech, like hey,

here's what I'm going to be talking about.

So, if you look at this, my new thesis is just a composite of my two points.

So, one point shows newness, and the other point shows uncommonness, and

the thesis now tries to capture that.

I got to say, I often find myself doing that.

I need to come up with a thesis or a topic to start writing, but

I know it's going to change by the end of the process.

Basically, I want that thesis at the end to accurately reflect

what I'm doing in the speech.

Now, how you make your way through the process of composition and

revision is unique to you.

I generally like to compose and revise out loud.

So, I'll walk around and talk through my points out loud.

I'm glad I got an office with a door.

But for me, that process of walking and talking is easier.

It's easier for me to find that fit between the topic, the key points and

the support.

So, I'd say try a few different methods, but

remember the art of speech writing is in the rewriting.

[MUSIC]

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