Welcome to your first lesson in easing psycho-social-spiritual suffering in palliative care. Let's begin by talking about suffering. If you've taken the first course in the palliative care specialization, some of this material will be a review for you. In palliative care, our goal is to ease suffering for the whole person. Easing suffering improves the patient's quality of life. A better quality of life improves patient satisfaction with care, and when patients feel better about the care they receive, [inaudible] and were better able to help them make decisions about their care that align with their core values. Pain and suffering are two different types of experiences. Pain is a physical feeling in the body. Suffering is how we respond to pain and other frightening, stressful, or negative experiences in our lives. We can have pain and not suffer. We can also suffer and not have physical pain. Discovering how each person experiences suffering is part of what makes palliative care both complex and rewarding. Every patient will experience suffering differently, so the way we care for each person must be unique. Let's review the four domains or types of suffering we look for in palliative care. Physical suffering includes physical pain and other symptoms like shortness of breath, nausea, and fatigue. We cover these topics in two other courses in the palliative care specialization. Emotional or psychological suffering includes depression, anxiety, and loss of control. Family members may also experience psychological suffering related to their loved ones serious illness, and we'll cover these topics later in this course. Social suffering includes relationship issues, loss of employment, as well as other practical and financial burdens that often come with serious illness. You can imagine how family members may also experience social suffering. Spiritual suffering includes questions about the meaning of the illness, the meaning of the person's life, and struggles a person may have about their relationship with a higher power or a belief system. You guess it. Family members can also struggle spiritually. We often talk about psycho-social-spiritual suffering together because causes and symptoms of suffering in these domains often overlap. In the next series of videos, we'll talk about common sources of suffering in the psychological, social, and spiritual domains. I'll see you there.