Dmitry Medvedev: National Projects and Policy of Modernization

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來自 Saint Petersburg State University 的課程

Political Governance and Public Policy in Russia

20 個評分

Saint Petersburg State University

Political Governance and Public Policy in Russia

20 個評分

The course is designed to study the features of the political structure of modern Russia. It contains both general information on the institutional, procedural and value components of the political system and public policy in Russia, as well as a description of the problems, contradictions and prospects for the political development of the country. The course contains three main modules: (1) the political system and regime in Russia: state institutions, political parties, civil society; (2) the public policy process in Russia: the mechanisms for elaborating, adopting and implementing policies and decisions; (3) directions and problems of economic and social policy in Russia: development based on stabilization. The course is aimed at those listeners who want to gain systematic knowledge of politics in Russia, as well as those who are focused on studying Russia's political development in complex and uncertain contexts. Studying the course students can choose the level of the course (general or in-depth), focusing on video material, information, discussions, forums, evaluations and interactive communication with teachers. The advanced level of the course development assumes the active participation of students in discussions, forums and project assignments. The overall mission of the course is to develop students' objective political knowledge about Russia and their ability to make critical scientific analysis and assessment.

從本節課中

Russian Public Policy Stages: From Stabilization and ‘2GDP’ to Modernization and Development

Dmitry Medvedev: National Projects and Policy of Modernization5:29

與講師見面

Kirill A. Neverov
Candidate of Political Sciences
Assistant Professor at the Department of Political Governance
Leonid V. Smorgunov
Doctor of Philosophy
Department of Political Governance
Anna V. Volkova
Doctor of Political Science
Department of Political Governance
Aleksandr S. Sherstobitov
Candidate of Political Science
Department of Political Governance

This class is devoted to the presidency of Dmitri Medvedev.

A very interesting period when the president in

the super presidential system wasn't the key decision maker.

By the end of the second term,

Vladimir Putin faced the option,

whether to make amendments to the Constitution and participate in

the presidential elections for the third time in a row or to appoint successor.

According to the Constitution of the Russian Federation,

one person cannot be elected President more than two times in a row.

Since parliamentary elections in 2003,

United Russia party had constitutional majority in State Duma.

Remember about retrospective voting theory

so they could make amendments to the Constitution?

But, Vladimir Putin declared his unwillingness to change the Constitution.

So, Vladimir Putin decided to appoint a successor.

Two close Putin's allies Sergey Ivanov and

Dmitry Medvedev were seen by the experts as potential successors.

And here, we come to the point about the competitiveness of Russian politics.

There was lack of competitiveness at the elections but at the same time,

the inter-elite competition was really crucial.

One, Dmitry Medvedev was the representative of so-called Liberal Clan.

And another one, Sergey Ivanov was the representative of the so-called Security Clan.

In November 2005, Dmitry Medvedev became

the first Vice Prime Minister and was appointed as

the Manager of the Priority National Projects.

It was the signal to the public.

Medvedev was chosen as Putin's successor.

The Priority National Projects covered

the most crucial issues of the Russian economy and society.

The National Project health was aimed to invest money into development

of medical centers and medical care in the Russian Federation.

The National Project education was aimed to develop school education first of all,

but also to invest money into higher education.

Accessible housing was also a very important issue for

Russian society especially for youth and young families.

Finally, it was very important to develop the agricultural industry and to invest

money to help agricultural business to develop and to become the key exporter.

But this was also the start of Dmitry Medvedev's presidential campaign.

He won the elections on March 2,

2008 with 70.28% of votes.

Nevertheless, the elites and the public realized that

Medvedev's electorate rating was very dependent on Putin's supports.

The decision-making center moved from the Presidents administration to the government

of Russian Federation because Vladimir Putin became the Chairman of government.

Also, Dimitry Medvedev was rather active with different suggestions and initiatives.

Moreover, his presidency started almost together with the world economic crisis in 2008.

He also faced the need for modernization

of the economy and liberalization of the political system.

The key vectors of Medvedev's economic policy were the following.

First, modernization of economy.

It was important to shift from stabilization policies to development policies.

Medvedev announced the policy of innovative development,

and for example, he started the project of Skolkovo,

a Russian Silicon Valley.

As we have already noticed,

the world economic crisis was started together with

the Medvedev's presidency and it affected the Russian economy a lot.

So one of the key aspects of

Medvedev's economic policy was development of anticrisis program.

There were two basic aspects of this anticrisis policies.

First, the use of reserve funds to invest money and to cope with the financial problems.

Another aspect were state loans to keep banks and companies,

to help them to cope with crisis effects.

On this slide, you can see the key political changes

that were implemented during Medvedev's presidential term.

Actually, it was the scope of some kind of

liberalization reforms after the construction of vertical of power by President Putin.

First of all, party and electoral law were liberalized.

Then, there were some constitutional amendments.

The prolongation of President's term to six years and State Duma term to five years.

Then, there was the police reform.

To conclude, Medvedev fulfilled his main function.

He managed to be a rather active President but not the

leading person in the tandem with Prime Minister Vladimir Putin.

In the end of Medvedev's term,

they declared that Vladimir Putin would run the presidential campaign in 2012.

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