[BLANK_AUDIO]. Have you heard of scales called modes? That's a term that's used in traditional music teaching and classical music to describe scales that are derived from the major scale, the diatonic scale. And if you, they're usually explained this way. You start [SOUND] with the major scale, that's called a Ionian mode. And then if you go to the next step in that scale and start [SOUND] it from there, that's called a Dorian mode. And you go up to the third step, [SOUND] it's called a Phrygian mode, and then the [SOUND] Lydian mode and so on. Now, technically, that's true and maybe interesting, but it doesn't really work for us as improvisers to think of them this way. What's important to us as improvisers is that the scales belong in a certain category of scales, are they major or are they minor or are they dominant seven And what color are they? Are they fairly bright or dark? Those are the characteristics that we need to know about the scales as we use them in the songs that we play. So here's a better way to remember the modes and keep track of them. And these seven scales, by the way, are among our ten common scales. They recur- quite frequently throughout popular music standard jazz, you name it, these are among the most commonly used scales in western harmony. So, we start with the brightest of the seven modes. That would be [SOUND] the lydian. Which is a major scale, [SOUND] but with a raised four. [SOUND] That's the very brightest sounding. It's a major scale, it belongs with major harmonies, and it's got a [SOUND] raised four, making it bright. The next scale coming down [SOUND] is the basic major scale which is called the Ionian Mode, and it is also used on major harmonics. Next, we have [SOUND] the, you, you noticed notes in the scale are steadily lowering, they're get, as they get lower, the scale sounds darker. In this case,sss now, this mode is called the Mixolydian. And, and it is used on Dominant seven harmonies. [SOUND] Now, we change one more note, [SOUND] we lower the third [SOUND] and that turns the scale into a minor kind of scale that's called the Dorian. [INAUDIBLE]. [MUSIC]. Next, we lower another note. The A goes down to A flat. The six goes to a lowered six. [SOUND] You can hear the sound of the scales are getting darker and darker. This is the Aeolian mode. [MUSIC]. And next we lower the second. That's called the phrygian. And finally we have the locrian, we lower the fifth as well [SOUND]. So there are the seven modes from bright- Lydian, all the way down to the darkest, the Locrian. Four of those scales belong with minor harmonies. Two of them belong on major harmonies. And one belongs on the dominant seven kind of chord.