Camille Schmoll - Do women migrate to Europe the same way as men?

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來自 Sciences Po 的課程

Geopolitics of Europe

167 個評分

Sciences Po

Geopolitics of Europe

167 個評分

"Geopolitics of Europe" offers a dynamic program on both tensions and issues within the European Union, as well as its interactions with the rest of the world. Through maps, iconography, videos, computer graphics and role playing, the Mooc renders the main geopolitical issues appropriate to Europe while focusing on its representations around the world. Definitely multi-disciplinary, this Mooc offers the learners a real tool box built up through a combination of History, Geopolitics, Economics, Political science, Geography and Law. Format : The pedagogical program is both progressive and modular. It is composed of seven thematic blocks. Each block has a different scale and view point. Even though the main issue exploration in each block is thought as free navigation, each block remains marked out by specific steps : a mapping situation scenario, the study of a documentary corpus, a focus on the national perceptions, as well as an emphasis on the news. Please notice that some very limited content will only be available in French. The knowledge acquired in the first four blocks can then be assessed through a quiz and put into practice through the final serious game : a European scenario, a mission, and decisions to make...! Block number seven offers new analysis that will enable you to understand the latest events of the year 2016.

從本節課中

To go further: 2016 : The European Union crisis is getting more acute

In 2016, the European Union current affairs were troubled. The challenges analysed within the six sessions of the Mooc have become even more pronounced. These videos of analysis will allow you to integrate and to put these news into perspective along with the best experts.

Camille Schmoll - Is the agreement signed between the European Union and Turkey in March 2016 shocking?6:46

Camille Schmoll - Has the European Union been through a migratory crisis since 2015?11:58

Camille Schmoll - Is the European Union a fortress5:46

Camille Schmoll - Do women migrate to Europe the same way as men?5:54

與講師見面

Sylvain KAHN
Professor
History and Geography
Thomas RAINEAU
Professor
History
Philippe PERCHOC
Professor
History and Political Science

"Are women migrating towards Europe like men?"

-Hello Camille Schmoll.

-Hello.

-Camille Schmoll, you are a geographer,

a member of the Institut universitaire de France, a lecturer

at the Paris-Diderot University,

and a specialist in European migration issues.

Why are some of your researches specifically based on migrating women?

-Actually, I wanted to work on women, with other researchers, because,

for a long time, we considered that migration was mainly a male fact.

We considered that women were mainly followers, that they joined

their husbands in a second phase,

in the scope of family reunification processes.

We also considered that women less often found a job on the labor market,

at least directly, compared to migrating men.

We realized that, actually, women have always emigrated.

They often emigrated alone or sometimes played a pioneering role.

That is to say they arrived before men and were joined by their husbands.

We realized that, eventually,

women always played an important role in emigration.

Nowadays, we have also observed, over the last 20 years,

an increase of the number of women in migratory flows,

in particular women who leave on their own.

It is linked, in the case of emigration towards Europe,

among other things, many reasons can explain this mobility of women,

to labor demand in the care service fields, for example,

or in children care fields. In fact, it is linked both to the fact

that more and more European women participate in the labor market,

and also to demographic issues

such as the ageing process in the European Union.

-Did you notice, with this feminization

of migrations towards Europe, a change in what researchers

have to say on the migratory issue,

migratory flows, integration and how it happens?

-A change in what the researchers have to say...

First, specific issues arise when studying female migrations.

Today, regarding what we call the migratory crisis, we realize

that women suffer from a specific vulnerability.

The persons who reach Europe's maritime boundaries often seek asylum,

are often vulnerable. But, in the case of women,

in addition to certain experiences men also live through, they suffer

from specific experiences, in particular a more and more frequent

experience among women who reach Europe's maritime boundaries,

sex-specific violence.

Violence, in particular sexual violence, on women.

So specific issues are arising with women.

Nowadays, it is obvious that the care for these issues, as well as research

related to them, is still in its infancy.

Then, regarding integration, it is a complex issue.

We have a certain number of preconceived ideas on this issue.

For example, we often consider that women often tend to settle

and integrate themselves by nature.

Actually, we can get back to the issue of knowing if women are more or less

able to integrate themselves compared to men.

But for sure, when we consider families, it is different

and the integration issue is raised, a fortiori.

But we can notice, for example, that in Europe today,

many women are circulating.

They do not necessarily want to settle, even if it is something

that we take into account with difficulty today.

We still struggle with the idea that a part of the migrants

do not want to settle but want to go back and forth.

Maybe move between several countries.

Take advantage of the favorable conditions in a specific moment

on the labor market. Some of these women, for example,

keep their family ties in their country of origin.

I particularly think about women from Central and Eastern Europe who,

nowadays, move to work in Western Europe countries

and then periodically get back, sometimes 6 months a year,

in their home country to take care of their relatives.

-So, did the feminization of migrations in Europe

and towards Europe change the migratory geography of Europe?

-Quite certainly. Europe's migratory geography is linked

to the European integration process.

This European integration process led, within the European space,

to a major mobility of women indeed.

Both with regions that demanded a great amount of female labor,

particularly in Southern Europe.

This is still the case despite the economic crisis.

And, what is more, women mobility, particularly originating

from Central and Eastern Europe, with the possibility,

thanks to the European integration and the free movement that follows,

for these women, to freely move from one state to another.

-Thank you very much Camille Schmoll. -Thank you.

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