Innovation and Demand for Energy

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來自 University of Colorado System 的課程

全球能源业务基础

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University of Colorado System

全球能源业务基础

301 個評分

Learn about diverse and integrated markets for primary energy, and the essential considerations driving business leaders and policy makers in development of global energy resources.

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Demand for Energy

Energy is the capacity to do work. In this most essential sense, energy is a basic human need. We will consider how technological innovations have increased the ability of mankind to do work, but only by increasing our demand for various sources of energy. We will examine the determinants of demand for primary energy resources as well as the distribution of demand around the globe.

Innovation and Demand for Energy7:44

Technological Dynamics of Energy Demand21:44

Determinants of Energy Demand17:44

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Michael J. Orlando
Lecturer
Global Energy Management, Business School

[MUSIC]

Our last video provided some of the basic building

blocks for understanding energy and our demand for energy.

In this video, I'd like to discuss how

innovation changes the nature of our demand for energy.

How did we go from getting the vast majority of our energy

from food calories, to the broad portfolio of energy sources we use today?

And

the answer is technological progress.

Some of our innovations have allowed us to do more with familiar resources, so they

basically allowed us to leverage the manual

work that we can do with our bodies.

Other innovations have allowed us to make use of new resources to do more

work or more consumption activities like, like play.

So let's return to our

ancestor essentially from

pre-history, where we're getting all of our energy from

let's say a relatively easy to acquire form of food calories.

Well you could imagine you know a first step being

innovation that allowed us to do a different kind of work.

A different kind of

a, a different way of, of expressing our manual labor.

So that opened up a different type of food calorie to us, which, presumably, may-,

was, maybe was a bit more richer in

food calories, for the amount of effort expended.

So there is one way in which innovation allowed us to do more.

More with the amount of effort we put in, more work for the amount of effort.

But we're still here using the same type of calorie.

Now, eventually, our

ancestor would evolve to the point

that they're making much more sophisticated types of innovations.

So let's say at this point now, we're basically instead of building tools

exclusively manually, we've come up with some

technologies to build our tools or technologies.

And those methods, may have required new forms, of energy.

So in the illustration, what we're doing is we're harnessing, the

power, in, falling water, hydro-power.

To run our factory to produce you know, many more of

the tools that we use to more effectively use our manual labor.

And that of course is going to give us much more access

to, in, in the simple illustration the food calories that we're seeking.

[BLANK_AUDIO]

And so, throughout history, basically, that's been

the interaction between man and energy and technology.

You know, we'll come up with new ways to harness existing sources

of energy, to do the kinds of work that we need done.

So I, I used in my illustration the water wheel, just using force of falling

water and typically, we would have seen those

water wheels used for, let's say, milling operations.

In, in modern times, are actually noticing those, you know,

using those water wheels to do things like run turbines to

create electricity because that's actually the end form of energy

that, that we're con, that we consume to the largest degree.

You know, again for a long time we were using let's say,

wind mills to do a certain type of work, maybe mechanical work.

Like, like, pulling up water with a pump.

But again, with windmills.

Modern windmills are used to do different kind of work.

Converting mechanical work into electrical work by spinning wind turbines.

Steam engines were, were a technology where we were able to make use of

the energy inside some carbon based forms of energy like let's say firewood.

We could use that to do thermal work to heat

up water, and then through this machine, the steam engine, we're

able to utilize the steam, the, the force of the

expanding steam to actually run an engine and do mechanical work.

And then you can, you know, tell a similar story that kind of detailed chain of

human work going, transforming, or moving some source of energy to put it in

a position to be able to, for that piece of energy, to do some work for

us to then acquire whatever desirable kind of work we want at the end.

[BLANK_AUDIO]

So in this final slide what I, wanted to do was just provide

a selection you know, not comprehensive in any sense of different types of different

technologies that have been used throughout history

to do the different types of work

just to give you a bit of a typology so to, so to speak.

And you'll notice I, I didn't even put energy in here yet.

You can imagine, and I'd like you to think about what type of energy source is being

used through that technology to do that type of work in, in each case here.

So for instance, as I mentioned in the

previous slide, we have mint windmills at one

point in history we primarily use wind, of

course, was the energy source, just the blowing wind.

We use this mill to capture that energy source.

traditionally, we would have used that to do mechanical

work, let's say to lift water from a well.

More recent innovations have put

turbines into those windmills so we can use that wind energy to

do the mechanical work necessarily, necessary to spin

the windings to do electrical work and create electricity.

So in each case, what I, what I'd like you to do is be thinking about

how to sort of disassociate the energy from the work it is

doing, and what is the technology that is being used to convert that

energy that, that energy into a particular desired type of work.

Ultimately of course, it's the work that we demand so

our demand for any particular type of energy is going to

be completely derived from the kind of work that we

can do at that energy through a particular type of technology.

So in successive videos this week, we're going to

get into finally talking specifically about demand for energy.

But I, I think it's important to understand this linkage between the

type of work that can be done, and the, the primary source of energy.

[MUSIC]

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