This course introduces the types of cost estimation from the conceptual design phase through the more detailed design phase of a construction project. In addition, the course highlights the importance of controlling costs and how to monitor project cash flow. Students will work on a break-even analysis of construction tasks in a project.
Schematic Design Estimate Demo
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來自 Columbia University 的課程
Construction Cost Estimating and Cost Control
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Building the Estimate
James Sneath, Associate Director of Cost Management at Turner and Townsend, Inc., illustrates how to build an estimate. Sneath does a deep dive into a schematic design project.
與講師見面
Ibrahim Odeh, Ph.D., MBAInstructor, Department of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, Columbia University
Director of Research and Founder, Global Leaders in Construction Management
Okay, we've been going over the principles of how you build an estimate, so now I
thought it would be a good idea to show you a live estimate in Excel spreadsheet.
And the first project is Arabella House.
As you can see, it's a schematic design estimate, and
let's just delve a little bit deeper into it.
So Generally, at Turner & Townsend, we like to have a main front page.
An image of sorts on the front, and just some clear descriptions on the project.
So you've got the clients at the top.
You've got the date.
The name of the project.
You can see here, the level of design, again, revision.
You don't have to have the price, but we like to have the detail and then
the summary pricing to come through to the front page so it's a quick look at it.
You've always got to remember that your estimate is always going to be used by all
different types of people.
So, not just people in the industry.
Of course, it will be used by project managers, cost managers,
architects, engineers.
But also certain clients will need it and
they might not understand everything in the main detail.
So the first two pages of our estimate document is really the simplified
information for them, if they want to take a quick look at it and gain a quick idea.
Having the full value on the front just in a useful pointer for
the client to see the full cost.
So here we go.
As we were discussing earlier on the screen when we had a song port,
so this is the actual live estimate.
It's a template, it's already set up.
So that's key here, organization and a good structure.
So really, what you need to be doing is you're going to have your set of drawings
the side of you.
Your specifications and all your other project information to refer to.
Early on in the module, we discussed how you measure, so
take-off, and we've really discussed pricing.
So those are those key elements that come into your estimate.
As you can see here, we've got the master format laid out there.
We've gone further than the 16 standard divisions that are used.
And this is because, for this particular project,
Arabella House, this matches design and the scope required.
So even if you have a template, you will always build your estimate specific to
the project that you're working on.
So you got your hard costs there at the top from 1 to 33 as per the master format.
You've then got your soft cost below.
Now again, these are all on a percentage basis.
They're applicable to the classification of the estimates and
the design, and applicable to the type of project and location and
time frame of when the project's going to start and when it's going to finish.
So very simply, this is the template.
These costs here will draw down from the detail of your actual estimate.
So really what it is, we're going down different levels here.
So you had your front page as your top level.
Your main level is the Summary page.
You go a level down, and that's the detail.
So all of this detail draws up into the Summary page.
Another thing we like to do at Turner Townsend is we just like to put a bit more
information on to help the user.
So you'll see here to the right of the main summary column we have cost plus
square foot.
So for every division there,
it gives the user an understanding of what the cost is per square foot.
And for many user’s, they’ll know a range of what that particular
division should be per square foot.
It gives them a quick idea there.
And often the range might exceed that range for particular reasons and
there's a reason for it.
But it just helps to user to understand where it sits.
And at the very bottom, you'll get your full square foot rate.
And at the bottom, you'll get your square foot rate of the total project
which again, gives you an idea where this project sits.
So we've gone down the next level now and this is the detail of the estimate for
Arabella House.
Again, it's a template.
It's prudent to set up all the scope of works, and the descriptions already.
And so this matches Arabella House set up.
You will start adding further items into it as you delve into the drawings and
the project.
And you'll realize that, actually, that needs to go in there.
And even at the same time, you even realize that, that's not necessary,
that's not required for this project, so you take it out.
So you can see here this is the template that we've started,
and we've also got pricing in here.
So, we discussed pricing earlier.
So, you're already at this stage of building your estimate.
You've already started to source your pricing.
And you've started building it up.
Again keep in mind you don't have to do your pricing first.
The way we discussed it earlier just fit it into the module and the format of how
we're teaching you how to be a really good cost manager or cost estimator.
But often, you might do the pricing later.
So you might do your measurement, build your estimate, and
then you do your rights and your pricing last.
That's fine and that could even be seen as more typical in the workplace.
But as you can see, we've got pricing here already put into it following
the same methods as we discussed earlier of how you get to go over your rates and
the pricing for your estimate.
So this is master format.
It's a schematic project.
As an example here, now this is Excel spreadsheet.
So I'm just going to put the quantity and the formula into here direct.
There are many other really good estimating software packages,
such as CostX, Kato, and BuildSoft,
that actually draw in your measurements as you're measuring it.
And you put in your quantities, and it starts to build your estimate in that way.
So there's lots of packages you can use to build your estimate.
For today, we're just trying to show you a very simple example, and
it's in Excel spreadsheets.
So for example, here you've got your set drawing to the side of you.
You've got footings and you've got piles.
So I'm going to deal with the piles here, and
we measure piles on a linear foot basis.
So you check your unit, linear foot, that's correct.
You get your drawings.
I'm going to count up all of the piles.
It's as simple as that.
And we've got 11 piles.
Now the length of the pile, I've got from the structural design information.
And also some drawings sometimes do show it as well.
And the length, or the depth if you like, of the piles for
this particular project 20 feet deep.
So it's as simple as that.
11 number by 20 feet.
So there we go.
We’ve got now here the fittings and pile cost okay.
So that's really what you do.
You need to apply a bit of logic to this though, so
you don't have to do general requirements first.
Existing conditions, so obviously as we discussed earlier,
these are the actual site itself.
Any demolitions that you might need to do to the site to start work.
Or they may be no buildings on site and
you need to just do some early ground work preparation for the main build.
So if this follows again the master format divisions, so
it makes sense as you sort of building estimate to follow this flow.
As I said earlier, the general requirements,
you don't have to for a start.
And these can even be considered soft costs,
a bit like your front page which again, these soft costs you will do last or
they'll start building a percentage as you go.
Your main focus right now is your hard costs and building your estimate based on
the measurements, the quantities that you've produced from the drawings, and
all of the design pack and information that you have on hand.
