The capstone project will give you opportunities to demonstrate your competence in the learning objectives for this Specialization. For the project, you’ll use formal, written methods and more casual visual and audio methods of communication to demonstrate your ability to use language appropriate for different business contexts. The goal of this course is to demonstrate competence in writing and presenting a plan using skills and language appropriate for business. Course Learning Objectives • Use appropriate vocabulary to write a mini business plan • Communicate a business plan orally in an organized and engaging presentation
Video: Slides
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來自 University of Washington 的課程
Business English: Capstone Project
28 個評分
從本節課中
Week 3: Business Plans
In Week 3, we will review business plans and then introduce you to the concept of a mini-business plan for your final project.
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Richard MooreExtension Lecturer, International & English Language Programs
UW Educational Outreach
Daphne MackeyExtension Lecturer, International & English Language Programs
UW Educational Outreach
[MUSIC]
This lesson is all about creating slides to support a presentation.
We'll talk about the purpose of using slides in an oral presentation and
what elements are necessary.
Then, you'll learn how to create slides that are clear and easy to read.
Have you ever heard of death by PowerPoint?
This refers to the overuse of slides and
the use of slides that are really difficult to read.
The result is that audiences get very bored or possibly, even frustrated.
So, let's get a couple things clear.
Remember, that you are the main event, not your slides.
Slides support your presentation, they do not give your talk.
Everything you say should not be on the slides.
There are lots of videos on the Internet about how to make a great presentation and
a lot of great public speakers are giving advice.
One example is a man named Guy Kawasaki.
He's a well known entrepreneur in the United States and
he's also well known as a public speaker.
He has a simple rule for presentations, the 10- 20- 30 Rule.
No more than ten slides, don't speak for more than 20 minutes,
and your smallest font size should be 30.
But before we begin to talk about rules,
let's look at vocabulary related to slides that you make on a computer.
We'll be using these words a lot as we go through good and bad examples of slides.
First, font.
Font is the type that you use, for example, Times New Roman or Arial.
Font size, you can see here is a 11 point or 28 point.
Upper and lower case means capital letters or not capitalized.
The word graphics refers to visuals like images or design elements.
Text, means words.
I think you know that a paragraph is a group of sentences about one topic,
like this one explaining a paragraph.
We use paragraphs to write messages.
We don't use paragraphs in slides.
We often use lists in slides, an item means each thing that is listed.
Most lists in slides are bulleted,
with some kind of a bullet mark in front of each item.
A bullet point is an item in a list marked by a bullet.
So the first guideline is to limit the number of slides.
Some people agree with Guy Kawasaki and
say that you should never have more than ten slides.
But it really depends.
Maybe you only need three, maybe you need 15.
Write your ideas first, then decide which points a slide would help you illustrate.
Ask yourself, is this slide really necessary?
The second guideline is to use graphics and
visuals, not text, meaning words as much as possible.
Third, limit the number of words on your slides.
We're going to talk more about that in a minute.
Last, as you learned in the last lesson, don't read from your slides.
People don't like reading something and then hearing the presenter say it.
If you put words on the screen, say your points first, then show the words.
That way people don't have to listen twice.
By the way, you may be wondering about the use of our slides in this course.
Definitely don't imitate these slides in your own presentations.
We're putting all these points on slides to help you as you listen,
because this is a course.
We wouldn't do that in a presentation.
Now I'm going to show you some common mistakes that people make when they
create slides.
Look at each slide and decide what the major problem is.
The font size is too small here.
Your smallest font size should be 30 point.
Now people in the audience would be able to read it.
This chart clearly does not support your presentation because no one can read it.
Make a different slide then highlights the point you wanted to make with data from
this slide.
This is much more effective.
Notice the citation in all of these slides.
Be sure to indicate where you got your data on the slide.
It's okay to use all caps in the heading of a slide,
but don't use caps for more than one or two words, it's difficult to read.
There are two ways you can improve this slide.
One is to change is to change from all caps to use upper case for
the first letter and lower case for the rest.
The other is to keep all caps but shorten the heading.
Then, when you introduce the slide, you can provide the rest with something like,
let's look at travel preferences of millennials.
Or, what about Millennials?
What are their travel preferences?
I often see students put complete definitions on a slide.
Remember that no one wants to read your presentation, they want to hear it.
If you give a definition, use a graphic or a few words not a complete sentence.
In fact, never write a complete sentence on a slide unless it's a short quote.
Of course this would be an easy definition to show with a graphic or
just the general age range
This looks too busy with all these different types of fonts, doesn't it?
I think this one is much easier to read.
So limit how many different fonts and point sizes you use.
It's best only to use two or three different ones.
So there's one more problem with this slide and
all of these slides with statistics.
Remember earlier I pointed out the citation on the slides.
These statistics came from a survey that Choice Hotels International did.
So let's add a citation right here.
Here it is.
In a presentation, just like in anything printed, you need to cite your sources.
In the resource section of this lesson,
I'll add a link to a website that shows you how to cite sources in presentations.
Again, this slide is too busy.
Any one of these could work well by itself.
Too busy, it's fine to alternate colors but don't use more than two,
three at the most.
We can't read this one.
One possibility is to change the color of the font.
You could also make the photo smaller or
use a text box with a different background over the photo
This color combination may look okay on your computer, but
there's not enough contrast for it to show up well when you project it.
Choose colors that have a much bigger contrast between them.
This means use a dark color for the background and a very light color for
the text, like white or yellow.
This slide is very similar to one that you looked at a few minutes ago.
It doesn't look so bad but it breaks a rule for slides.
I'll tell you about the rule and then we'll fix the slide.
The rule is called the 666 Rule.
The first six is for
the number of words in any bullet point, never have more than six.
And then never have more than six bullet points on a slide.
And last, never have more than six slides in a row with bullet points.
As you can see, we just broke the rule with our third bullet point here.
Let's fix that.
Okay, so let's look at this slide again.
It breaks the 666 Rule because each sentence has more than six words.
Let's see if we can use short phrases to fix that here.
Here's one idea.
It has short verb phrases.
As you talk, you would put them into sentences, but
the audience doesn't need to read the complete sentences.
Here's the same idea, but with noun phrases.
Another idea would be to use images with the statistics,
rather than words on the slide.
And on the topic of bullet points, can you see any problems with this slide?
It's not the color, using two colors to alternate bullet points is okay,
there are two other problems.
One is a small problem, some of the items begin with a capital letter and
some don't.
The other bigger problem is that the items are different types of phrases.
Making items consistent is always difficult, but let's change the slide and
make them all nouns.
Okay, I've reworded a bit but now they're all consistent.
They're all noun phrases.
This is not easy to do, but it's important.
Next, please turn the spell check on when you make your slides.
And if possible, have someone check your slides for
words that the spell checker doesn't catch.
And my last point, animation.
Having your slides fly in with all sorts of effects is not very professional.
On the other hand, it's not fun to be in an audience and
finish reading a slide way before the speaker goes through each point.
So, use a simple appear animation to have each point appear as you speak,
your audience will thank you.
[MUSIC]
