And, this is the next challenge for personalized genomics,
moving from diagnostic to new drugs aimed at specific diseases.
And to finish this lecture, I will tell you just about one case
of a very successful drug that biologists developed based on exact
knowledge of specific mutation implicated in a disease.
I will talk about more complex type of mutations.
So far, we've talked about a point mutation when
one nucleotide is changing into another nucleotide.
But there are more complex mutations that work as an earthquake
operating on the genome.
In this particular case, I'm talking about so-called Philadelphia chromosome
that is formed from two normal human chromosomes.
Pieces of these two normal chromosomes exchange position.
As a result, two Chimera chromosomes are formed as shown here.
Biologists figured out how to detect this event, and
it turns out that it is a biomarker for chronic myeloid leukemia.