6.7 Symptoms of PD

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來自 Peking University 的課程

Advanced Neurobiology II

59 個評分

Peking University

Advanced Neurobiology II

59 個評分

Hello everyone! Welcome to advanced neurobiology! Neuroscience is a wonderful branch of science on how our brain perceives the external world, how our brain thinks, how our brain responds to the outside of the world, and how during disease or aging the neuronal connections deteriorate. We’re trying to understand the molecular, cellular nature and the circuitry arrangement of how nervous system works. Through this course, you'll have a comprehensive understanding of basic neuroanatomy, electral signal transduction, movement and several diseases in the nervous system. This advanced neurobiology course is composed of 2 parts (Advanced neurobiology I and Advanced neurobiology Il). They are related to each other on the content but not on scoring or certification, so you can choose either or both. It’s recommended that you take them sequentially and it’s great if you’ve already acquired a basic understanding of biology. Thank you for joining us!

從本節課中

Movement and movement disorders II

6.1 The dopamine system17:11

6.2 Basal ganglia and its two pathways14:47

6.3 HD deficits in basal ganglia4:21

6.4 Anatomical deficits of HD5:36

6.5 CAG repeats in HD8:21

6.6 Are aggregations proper drug targets?8:57

6.7 Symptoms of PD6:31

6.8 Genes of familial PD13:33

6.9 Interventions of PD14:00

與講師見面

Chenjian Li
Professor
School of Life Sciences
Donggen Luo
Research Fellow
School of Life Sciences
Yan Zhang
Professor
School of Life Sciences, Peking University

Parkinson's disease as I showed you, it's the other side of the story.

So you have the indirect pathway and

that's where mainly Huntington's disease defect is.

And the Parkinson's is more in the direct pathway.

Now pathology wise if you take a cut at that level and

you look at the spring structure called substantia nigra, [FOREIGN].

You will see in normal people, you have these black cells and

in patient of PD, those black cells disappear.

Those are dopaminergic cells.

Modern technology of brain imaging helps us to

monitor the progression of that disease.

Here, we labelled dopamine and inject,

and since the receptors are all in that area, right?

So dopamine goes to those places, and

you can see how the strength of the signals are.

This patient we follow that for basically four years, and

more red means there's more dopamine.

Okay, you can see this patient overall the both sides are weakening.

However, left side the progression is much stronger, right?

And that's one thing typical in Parkinson's disease.

Almost all patients, they have asymmetric development.

Okay, I'm going to show you a video of that later.

So this is a patient, I want you to watch a movie.

And it has typical Parkinson's diease symptoms,

including mask face [FOREIGN] called the mask face.

When he is speaking, the voice is slow and also monotonous.

[FOREIGN] not very expressive,

not with lots of tones up and down.

And he has resting tremor, we have lots of diseases that people have tremor.

But Parkinson's disease, the tremor is called a resting tremor.

A rest tremor means I'm not doing anything and I'm shaking.

Other types are if I'm trying to grab something then I start to shake,

it's a different one.

Now, everybody do things like me.

Your right hand please and do this.

Okay, make sure you have a big movement, okay and

follow me and make it faster and keep doing that.

Yours is not big enough.

Okay, very good.

I'm glad to tell you, you don't have Parkinson's disease.

>> [LAUGH] >> And, in the patient,

such kind of movement, first of all, the rhythm is broken.

So, he cannot do like this, he will do like, So, the rhythm is off.

Second, the amplitude [FOREIGN] he can not maintain,

such big things, for 30 seconds or a minute.

So he will do this and then, like that.

So these are, believe it or not, our first line of testing the patients.

Okay, now I told you that the two sides are not the same, so one side is better.

So when we ask him to do this, one side is fine.

The other one is like, it can not move, so it will be like this.

And if you ask him to tap the legs, one side he can do it.

The other one, the rhythm and amplitude is small.

Okay so let's watch the movie.

Not this one.

>> Have you guys changed your voice at all?

>> [INAUDIBLE] >> And

you said, >> Resting tremor?

>> [INAUDIBLE] so I imagine it's

just related to [INAUDIBLE] >> Yeah, that's what I think.

>> [INAUDIBLE] >> So the right side is worse.

>> [INAUDIBLE] of your symptoms.

>> [INAUDIBLE] >> Okay, keep going,

again, good, arms out in front of you.

>> See the right hand is shaking.

>> [INAUDIBLE] >> Left hand is relatively okay.

>> Fast as you can, really big movement.

Good, same on the left.

>> This is much better, right?

>> Both hands go like this.

And then side to side good, okay,

with the right foot, just stomp it on the floor.

Faster, and now with.

Okay, can you fold your arms in front of your chest and stand up?

Turn to the file cabinet, turn and come back.

>> See one arm is, like, swinging and the other one is not, see that?

Okay, all right.

Here I show again the substantia nigra and

a bigger picture of the cellular aggregation, the Lewy body.

Okay, it's a huge structure inside the cell with a halo around it.

The Lewy body, the main component is alpha synuclein.

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