This course is about what we can learn from examining the human skeleton, and how we can use this knowledge to reconstruct the lives of people who lived in the past. In archaeology and anthropology, human skeletal remains can provide unique insights into the past and the present; insights that cannot be gained otherwise.
These insights are explored in five main themes spread out over five weeks of learning. First, it is shown how age-at-death, sex and stature can be estimated by the close examination of (archaeological) skeletal remains. In subsequent modules it is shown how human bones can provide information about the diseases and injuries that people suffered from and what they ate. Also, it is shown how the human skeleton provides information about the kinds of activities that people engaged in and about how they migrated and moved around their landscapes.
In this course, you will examine all aspects of the human skeleton that can provide us with information about these different facets of life. Together we will explore the scientific field that is known as human osteoarchaeology.
- Human, because it is about us and our ancestors,
- Osteo, because it is about our bones,
- Archaeology, because we use this information to better understand the behaviors and events experienced by past people.
During the course, you will decipher the clues left behind in the skeletons of past peoples with the methods and techniques that are presented. You may also discover some clues hidden in your own skeleton and what they reveal about the life that you are living.
Want to know more? You can take a look at the course trailer here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fJi22TxzpRw
教學大綱 - 您將從這門課程中學到什麼
週
1完成時間為 2 小時
Introduction to the course
Hello and welcome to this course, Osteoarchaeology, the Truth in Our Bones. In this first, introductory module, you will learn about what this course is about and how it is set up. Watch the first three lectures to learn more about what Osteoarchaeology is, and the topics that you will be exploring each week. Read the course documents to find out more about how you will be graded and the tests you will be taking in each module. You will also find some documents that will help you to get the most out of this MOOC. Good luck!
3 個視頻 （總計 13 分鐘）, 9 個閱讀材料
3 個視頻
Welcome to the Course! - Course Introduction3分鐘
Course Set-Up7分鐘
9 個閱讀材料
Meet the Instructors & Team5分鐘
Welcome to Leiden University!5分鐘
Complete our short survey10分鐘
Basic Anatomical Terminology10分鐘
Names of Bones in the Skeleton10分鐘
Human Skeleton - Learn the Basics10分鐘
Studytips for Studying Online5分鐘
Being Successful in an International Virtual Learning Community - Guidelines5分鐘
Behaving in an Academic Way5分鐘
完成時間為 3 小時
Bones to Biography & Demography
Welcome to the first content module of this course! This week is all about introducing you to the primary things that we can learn from nearly all human skeletons. Who are the people who lived in the past? Are they men, women or children? How old did they become, and how tall did they get? We can answer these questions by studying a range of bones contained in the human skeleton. Here, we will be showing you exactly how to do that, and hope you will learn a lot!
11 個視頻 （總計 78 分鐘）, 2 個閱讀材料, 1 個測驗
11 個視頻
Adult Age-at-Death Estimation12分鐘
Sex Estimation14分鐘
Stature Reconstruction13分鐘
Discussion: How to?7分鐘
Longbone Length to Estimate Subadult Age2分鐘
Dental Formation to Estimate Subadult Age2分鐘
Pubic Symphysis to Estimate Adult Age2分鐘
Auricular Surface to Estimate Adult Age4分鐘
Using the Phenice Traits to Estimate Sex2分鐘
Using Longbone Length to Estimate Stature1分鐘
2 個閱讀材料
Glossary10分鐘
Optional Reading List10分鐘
1 個練習
Test your Knowledge20分鐘
完成時間為 4 小時
Bones to Biography & Demography: Lesson Choices
Choose one mystery which you will be solving, little by little, throughout the course. This week study the clues to find out if this individual was a man or a woman, and how old and how tall he or she was.
2 個閱讀材料, 2 個測驗
2 個閱讀材料
Instructions: Solve the Mystery 110分鐘
Instructions: Solve the Mystery 210分鐘
週
2完成時間為 3 小時
Bones to Disease and Trauma
Welcome to the second module!
This week is all about disease in the past. How healthy were people really, and what diseases did they suffer from? We will show you how to answer these questions by studying the diseases that can be detected in human skeletal remains. We specifically focus on trauma including bone fractures, but also the diseases rickets and leprosy.
8 個視頻 （總計 62 分鐘）, 2 個閱讀材料, 2 個測驗
8 個視頻
Paleopathology: Bone biology6分鐘
Paleopathology: Trauma13分鐘
Paleopatholgy: Rickets9分鐘
Paleopathology: Leprosy10分鐘
Discussion 1, Violence5分鐘
Discussion 2, Modern Medicine3分鐘
Examples of Bone Fractures6分鐘
2 個閱讀材料
Glossary10分鐘
Optional Reading List10分鐘
2 個練習
Optional Quiz: Pathological or Healthy?10分鐘
Test your Knowledge20分鐘
完成時間為 4 小時
Bones to Disease and Trauma: Lesson Choices
Please continue solving the Mystery that you started in week one. Look at the bony lesions and study them carefully to find out what disease(s) this individual had, and what they were caused by.
2 個測驗
週
3完成時間為 2 小時
Bones to Diet
Welcome to the third module!
This week is all about diet in the past. What did people eat in the past and in what proportions? Did different groups of people eat different things, and did their diet change throughout time? This week we will show you how to answer such questions by studying the human skeleton. We will be focussing on the analysis of stable isotopes like Carbon and Nitrogen that can be found in human bones and teeth.
6 個視頻 （總計 47 分鐘）, 2 個閱讀材料, 1 個測驗
6 個視頻
Paleodiet: Principles of Stable Isotope Analysis12分鐘
Paleodiet: Stable Isotope Case Study Part 17分鐘
Paleodiet: Stable Isotopes Case Study Part 28分鐘
Paleodiet: Caries in the Maya7分鐘
Discusion: The "Paleodiet" Trend4分鐘
2 個閱讀材料
Glossary10分鐘
Optional Reading List10分鐘
1 個練習
Test your Knowledge20分鐘
完成時間為 4 小時
Bones to Diet : Lesson Choices
Continue analyzing the skeleton that you chose in week one. Study the values, tables and pictures provided to find out more about the foods that this individual ate and how it affected the composition and appearance of their skeleton.
2 個測驗
週
4完成時間為 3 小時
Bones to Activity
Welcome to module four!
This week is all about activity. What activities did people perform in the past? How did they move about, and how much? We will be answering these questions by studying many different aspects of the skeleton, like long bones, joints, the spine, and even teeth. We will be showing you what all these marks mean, and what they can tell us today about activities performed in the past.
7 個視頻 （總計 53 分鐘）, 2 個閱讀材料, 1 個測驗
7 個視頻
Activity: the Musculoskeletal System6分鐘
Activity: Entheseal Changes11分鐘
Activity: Joint Degeneration13分鐘
Activity: Teeth as Tools9分鐘
Activity: Discussion3分鐘
Scoring Entheseal Change3分鐘
2 個閱讀材料
Glossary10分鐘
Optional Reading List10分鐘
1 個練習
Test your Knowledge20分鐘
完成時間為 4 小時
Bones to Activity: Lesson Choices
Continue solving the Mystery you chose in week one. Study the marks left on the skeleton as a result of activity and you will find out more about what activities this individual performed and the impact it had on their body.
2 個測驗
4.7
95 個審閱熱門審閱
Very informative, a good grounding in the subject, I really felt like I gained a lot of valuable knowledge on the subject that will help me in future endeavors. Very well put-together and organized.
I took this course to find out what osteoarchaeology was all about. Excellent, excellent course! Well planned, laid out and , and very interesting. I have learned a lot. Thank you!!!
講師
Andrea Waters-Rist
Assistant ProfessorFaculty of Archaeology
關於 莱顿大学
Leiden University is one of Europe's foremost research universities. This prominent position gives our graduates a leading edge in applying for academic posts and for functions outside academia.
Leiden University is the oldest university in the Netherlands. It was founded in February 1575, as a gift from William of Orange to the citizens of Leiden after they had withstood a long siege by the Spanish. Our motto is: Praesidium Libertatis — Bastion of Liberty.
常見問題
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退款政策是如何规定的？
有助学金吗？
What does the course syllabus look like?
The course consists of five weeks, each week dealing with a different aspect of what we can learn from the human skeleton in an archaeological context.
Each week is concluded with a multiple choice quiz about that week's subject, as well as a "Solve the Mystery" exercise that involves students analyzing a fictional skeleton using the knowledge they have gained in that week. The final course grade is based on a combination of the grades received for these two exercises each week.
Course Content
Week 1 The Osteobiography. Estimating age in adults and subadults, estimation of sex and stature.
Week 2 Paleopathology. Different types of disease and trauma that can be detected in the human skeleton.
Week 3 Paleodiet. Using stable isotope analysis and dental disease to reconstruct diet in the past.
Week 4 Activity Reconstruction. Using entheseal change, joint degeneration and teeth to reconstruct activity in the past.
Week 5 Mobility and Migration. Using long bone morphology, Strontium isotopes and ancient DNA to reconstruct mobility and migration.
Do I need to buy any books to complete the course?
No, that is not necessary. All the study materials needed to complete this course, are provided during the MOOC.
Of course, if you want to learn more, you can always look for more (free) information online, or even buy a book on a particular subject.
還有其他問題嗎？請訪問 學生幫助中心。
